Sri Lanka, also known as the “Island of Gems,” has been famous for its precious stones for centuries. It is said that King Solomon himself was a fan of Sri Lankan sapphires, which were known to be the best in the world. The island’s rich geological diversity, coupled with the skilled craftsmanship of its people, has made Sri Lanka one of the top gemstone-producing countries in the world.
In this article, we will explore the fascinating world of gems in Sri Lanka, from their history to their current significance in the global market. We will also discuss the different types of gems found in Sri Lanka, their characteristics, and where to find them.
The History of Gems in Sri Lanka:
The history of gemstones in Sri Lanka dates back to ancient times. The country was a major trade hub for gems, attracting traders from all over the world. The gems from Sri Lanka were highly valued and were used as gifts for royalty and to adorn religious objects.
The first written record of Sri Lanka’s gems dates back to the 3rd century BC, during the reign of King Pandukabhaya. The king is said to have established a royal lapidary to cut and polish gems.
The Importance of Gems in Sri Lanka’s Culture and Economy:
Gems have played a significant role in Sri Lanka’s culture and economy for centuries. Sri Lanka is one of the largest producers of sapphires and is also known for its high-quality rubies, topaz, and other gems.
The gem industry is a major contributor to the country’s economy, providing employment to over 200,000 people. The industry also generates significant foreign exchange earnings for the country.
Types of Gems Found in Sri Lanka:
Sri Lanka is home to a wide variety of gems, each with its own unique characteristics. Here are some of the most popular gems found in Sri Lanka:
Sapphires:
Sri Lankan sapphires are renowned for their deep blue color and excellent clarity. They are often considered to be some of the best sapphires in the world. The most famous Sri Lankan sapphire is the Blue Belle of Asia, which weighs over 400 carats.
Rubies:
Sri Lankan rubies are known for their intense red color and excellent clarity. They are often compared to rubies from Myanmar, which are also highly valued.
Topaz:
Sri Lankan topaz comes in a range of colors, including blue, yellow, and pink. It is known for its excellent clarity and is often used as a substitute for more expensive gems.
Moonstone:
Moonstone is a unique gem that is found in Sri Lanka. It is known for its blue sheen and is often used in jewelry. The most famous moonstone mine in Sri Lanka is located in the village of Meetiyagoda.
Tourmaline:
Sri Lankan tourmaline comes in a range of colors, including pink, green, and blue. It is known for its excellent clarity and brilliance.
Characteristics of Sri Lankan Gems:
Sri Lankan gems are known for their high quality and unique characteristics. Here are some of the main characteristics of Sri Lankan gems:
Color:
Sri Lankan gems come in a range of colors, from deep blue sapphires to pale pink topaz. The colors of Sri Lankan gems are often intense and vibrant.
Clarity:
Sri Lankan gems are known for their excellent clarity. This is due to the fact that they are often found in alluvial deposits, which means they have been naturally polished by the riverbeds.
Cut:
The cut of a gem is important for bringing out its color and clarity. Sri Lankan gems are often cut by skilled artisans who have been trained in the traditional methods of gem cutting.
Carat Weight:
Sri Lankan gems come in a range of carat weights, from small stones to large, impressive gems. The largest Sri Lankan sapphire ever found weighed over 1400 carats.
Where to Find Gems in Sri Lanka:
Sri Lanka is home to several gem mining regions, each of which has its own unique characteristics. Here are some of the main gem mining regions in Sri Lanka:
Ratnapura:
Ratnapura is known as the “City of Gems” and is one of the oldest and most important gem mining regions in Sri Lanka. It is located in the Sabaragamuwa Province and is home to a wide variety of gems, including sapphires, rubies, and topaz.
Elahera:
Elahera is located in the North Central Province of Sri Lanka and is known for its high-quality sapphires. It is also home to a variety of other gems, including tourmaline and garnet.
Metiyagoda:
Metiyagoda is a small village in the Southern Province of Sri Lanka and is known for its moonstone mines. The village has been producing moonstones for over 2000 years and is home to several small-scale mines.
FAQs:
Q: Are Sri Lankan gems ethically sourced? A: Sri Lanka has strict laws governing the mining and sale of gems. The government has set up several regulatory bodies to ensure that gems are ethically sourced and traded.
Q: What is the best time to visit Sri Lanka for gem hunting? A: The best time to visit Sri Lanka for gem hunting is during the dry season, which runs from December to April. This is when the rivers are at their lowest, making it easier to find gems.
Q: Can I buy gems in Sri Lanka? A: Yes, you can buy gems in Sri Lanka. However, it is important to be careful when buying gems, as there are many scams and fake gems on the market.
Sri Lanka is a hidden gem in the world of precious stones. From sapphires to rubies, this tropical island is a treasure trove of gems waiting to be discovered. The gems of Sri Lanka are known for their high quality, unique characteristics, and rich history. Whether you are a gem enthusiast or simply interested in learning more about the fascinating world of gems, a trip to Sri Lanka is sure to be a memorable experience.
